Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:01):
From the Blue Ridge
Mountains to the Chesapeake Bay.
Virginia is a mecca for outdoortravel and adventure.
Virginia Outdoor Adventurespodcast is your local guide for
hiking, camping, kayaking,travel and so much more.
Get the information and theinspiration to plan your own
adventure right here in Virginia.
(00:21):
I'm your host, jessica Bowser.
Right here in Virginia.
I'm your host, jessica Bowser.
We're slithering into thefascinating world of Virginia
snakes, equipping you withpractical tips to enjoy the
great outdoors while respectingthese often misunderstood
creatures.
In part one of this two-partepisode, caroline Seitz of the
Virginia Herpetological Societyhelps us dispel common myths and
(00:45):
misconceptions while broadeningour understanding and
appreciation of our nativespecies.
Caroline tackles listenerquestions about safety measures
and snake behavior, offeringpractical advice for snake
encounters so you can hit thetrails with confidence.
Let's go, caroline.
Welcome to Virginia OutdoorAdventures.
Speaker 2 (01:06):
I'm super excited to
be here.
I'm super excited, it's awesome.
Speaker 1 (01:10):
I love your energy,
Caroline.
This is going to be a fantasticconversation.
What do you love aboutVirginia's outdoors?
Speaker 2 (01:17):
I love hiking, I love
kayaking, I love swimming in
rivers and oceans and bays, whenthere's not jellyfish, and I
love reptiles and amphibians,especially snakes.
Speaker 1 (01:28):
Your energy and love
for snakes is contagious.
When I spend time with you, Iam more excited about snakes
than I am any other time.
Can you kick us off by tellingus how many species of snakes
are native to Virginia?
Speaker 2 (01:41):
So there's 32
different species of snakes
native to Virginia.
That's actually a good number,that's a lot, and of those 32
species, only three are venomous.
Let me just say, though, onlythree are venomous to people.
There are snakes that aremildly venomous, like garter
snakes and ringneck snakes, buttheir venom is so not dangerous
(02:04):
to people at all that we canreally just consider them
harmless.
They're completely harmless.
So there's only three snakesthat are dangerously venomous to
people in Virginia.
Speaker 1 (02:15):
That's so interesting
.
I've heard people say thatringneck snakes do have venom,
and I had no idea garter snakesdid as well.
Speaker 2 (02:22):
Yeah, wow, and dead
hognose snakes and water snakes
have a toxic saliva, you know.
There's a lot going on withsnakes.
Basically you don't have to beafraid of really any snake
because as long as you leave allsnakes alone, they'll leave you
alone.
But there are three that if youwere to accidentally step on
them or pick them up on purpose,that it could be a bad
(02:43):
situation.
Speaker 1 (02:43):
So you just want to
leave them alone, pick them up
on purpose that it could be abad situation, so you just want
to leave them alone.
Okay, we'll get to that in justa moment, but first I want to
ask you which species are mostcommon in the different regions
of Virginia.
Speaker 2 (02:57):
So, generally
speaking, the Eastern rat snake,
also known as the black ratsnake, is one that people see
pretty frequently.
It's large, it's one of ourbiggest native Virginia snakes.
It can get five, know five, sixfeet long.
And they're diurnal, whichmeans they come out in the
daytime and they tend to be out,you know, out in the open.
They go up trees, they climb onfences, they climb up brick
walls.
They're amazing at climbing andso people tend to see them just
(03:21):
because they're big, they'reout and they're out in the day.
But there's other snakes thatpeople see pretty frequently,
like the Decay's brown snake,pretty small little guy, they
can get around maybe 12 to 18inches.
They're very shy, they spendalmost all their time under the
leaves, under rocks and logs,but especially this time of year
(03:44):
, in the fall, they do tend tostart coming out more.
I see them a lot out on trails.
When I'm out walking or runningon the running path or the bike
path, I see a lot of decaybrown snakes crossing the trail
this time of year.
So they're very, very commonand they're adapted for urban
areas so you can even see themin right in downtown Richmond,
(04:06):
places like that.
Yeah, the Eastern rat snake,the decays brown snake, another
one that people see all the timeNorthern water snake People
when they go fishing, kayaking,just walking along a canal or
walking along a river and theysee these big, goofy, heavy
bodied snakes and they thinkwhat is that?
(04:27):
Could that possibly?
Speaker 1 (04:28):
be a water moccasin.
Speaker 2 (04:30):
Almost certainly not
a water moccasin, because they
only live in just one littlesection of Southeastern Virginia
.
But people see these Northernwater snakes.
They're throughout the entirestate of Virginia and they're
out sunning.
They're big and they're where alot of people like to go along
the water.
So those would be probably mytop three, and then there's
(04:51):
others that are pretty commongarter snakes, ring-necked
snakes, northern racers.
Those are probably the onesthat people see the most often.
Speaker 1 (04:59):
And then aren't there
species that prefer certain
habitats where you won't findthem in one part of Virginia,
but they're more common inothers.
Speaker 2 (05:06):
Oh for sure.
For instance, let's just startwith the cottonmouth, also known
as the water moxon, Water moxon, cottonmouth same snake, just
different name.
And that animal only lives in asmall section of southeastern
Virginia, like right aroundVirginia Beach, Hampton Roads,
Dismal Swamp, a little bit northup the James River.
(05:27):
Once you get towards Richmondyou're out of the range.
It's very limited.
If you're in the northernVirginia area, if you're in
Richmond, if you're in themountains of Virginia or even
the northern neck, like aroundColonial Beach, you cannot find
cottonmouths there, you know, ifone hitched a ride on a truck
or something, but that's sounlikely, they're just not found
(05:48):
in most parts of Virginia.
And then the timber rattlesnakeis found in the mountains and
then it's found on the coastalplain, like where the
cottonmouths are, but not in thePiedmont.
So yes, there is geographicallimitation to where you're going
to find certain species ofsnakes.
However, there are quite a fewVirginia snakes that are found
throughout the entire state, Allthe ones that I just listed,
(06:12):
you know the eastern rat snake,northern black racer, garter
snake, ringneck snake, brownsnake and then also the
copperhead.
The copperhead is the onlyvenomous snake found throughout
the entire state of Virginia,except for certain places, like
in the mountains, where it getsa little bit too high for them.
Speaker 1 (06:29):
I feel like this is a
good place to talk about this
book that you and I both own,and it's a guide to the snakes
and lizards of Virginia, andit's published by the Virginia
Department of Wildlife Resources.
Speaker 2 (06:40):
In conjunction we
helped the Virginia
Herpetological Society resources.
In conjunction we helped theVirginia Herpetological Society
and a lot of the photos andinformation was gathered by
Virginia Herpetological Society.
Speaker 1 (06:50):
This is such a
wonderful resource.
Every page of this book has adifferent species of snake, with
a map of Virginia that showsyou where you can find them.
Speaker 2 (06:59):
Exactly.
Oh and, by the way, on theVirginia Herpetological Society
website you can actually see anexact map and you can see an
actual list of counties whereyou can find cottonmouth water
moccasins.
But here's the picture.
I don't know how well it showsup, but there it is.
You can see just that littletiny blob of southeastern
(07:21):
Virginia, and then thecopperhead.
Look see the differenceCopperhead everywhere,
cottonmouth not so much.
Speaker 1 (07:28):
Right, yeah, it shows
exactly where you can find it,
or?
Speaker 2 (07:36):
you know the
approximate range.
Here's that deal with therattlesnake.
You can see the mountains andthen the little blob.
Oh yeah, in Virginia peopletend to call the timber
rattlesnake.
When it's found on the coastalplain they tend to call it a
cane break rattlesnake.
But the cane break it's just atimber rattlesnake that's found
on the coastal plain.
Speaker 1 (07:53):
Now, if I hear it,
I'll know what people are
talking about.
Yes, okay, so this is a greatresource that I would recommend,
as well as the website that youjust mentioned, and I will link
that in the show notes.
I would save it on your phone,in addition to being a guidebook
.
I actually keep track of when Ifind snakes.
Speaker 2 (08:10):
I love that.
Speaker 1 (08:11):
Yeah, for every
species that I have ever found,
I have a post-it note on thatpage of this book and I write
down where I saw it and thedates, and so it's kind of like
this record of where and whenI've seen things.
And so it feels to me almostlike a scavenger hunt now,
because now I'm hoping to seesome of the snakes that I've
never seen before, and when I dofind one, I get so excited.
(08:33):
Whenever I find something newit's just like this really
exciting moment and when you cankeep track of it and you can
actually be eager about what youmight find.
I think it just adds to theexcitement.
Speaker 2 (08:45):
Absolutely, and
snakes come in so many different
colors and patterns and they'rebeautiful.
They're like jewels, yes, andyou can see them so much more up
close than birds, which I lovebirds too.
But yes, finding snakes in thewild is just like.
It's always a thrill, even whenI found I don't know, I've
probably found thousands andthousands of decays brown snakes
(09:07):
, and every time I see one I'mexcited it's a snake.
Speaker 1 (09:10):
So, caroline, I asked
my listeners to submit
questions for you to answer onthis episode.
We're going to get to that, butone of the questions as you can
imagine that I got repetitivelywas should hikers and others be
concerned if they encounter asnake?
Speaker 2 (09:27):
Not at all.
Not at all.
If you see a snake, just walkaround it.
Don't touch it, Don't poke it,Just give it some space and
leave it alone.
This past summer, my partnerand I were hiking on a trail
along the Shenandoah River andwe came across a timber
rattlesnake.
I was behind him and he stoppedand said oh, Caroline, get
(09:47):
yourself ready, You're going tobe excited and he kind of
stepped back and let me comeforward.
And there it was, a beautiful,gorgeous timber rattlesnake,
half out of the trail and halfin the brushy brush.
So we both we both, you knowmaintain some distance.
We probably stayed about fourfeet, five feet away I suggest
(10:07):
staying always at least six feetaway for people who don't
understand how snakes work andmove but we stayed a safe
distance away.
I got some good pictures.
We sat and talked and we weregoing to go around it.
We were just going to walk offthe trail and just, you know,
six feet away from it and thencontinue on our way.
Except of course, I didn't wantto leave it.
We didn't bother at all.
It never got scared, it neverrattled its tail because it
(10:30):
never was frightened.
It just slowly backed away andthen went on its own way and we
said bye and then we continuedon our hike.
You know, if we had gone up tothat snake and tried to pick it
up, the venom of a timberrattlesnake is no joke.
Like I don't want to make lighthere.
You know timber rattlesnakes,you know they have potentially
(10:52):
fatal venom, but if you justleave them alone they are not
going to bother you and they'regorgeous.
Speaker 1 (10:58):
The first time I saw
a timber rattlesnake, I was
stunned how close I had gottento it, without even knowing how
close I had gotten.
I was hiking in ShenandoahNational Park and there was a
group of retirees fromCharlottesville who hiked
together frequently, who werecoming up the trail towards me.
So I stepped off the trail toallow them to pass and the first
(11:20):
person in the group after theyhad already passed me said oh,
look, there's a snake.
And the snake was sleepingliterally right on the edge of
the trail.
So when I had walked past itwithout noticing it, my foot
came within inches.
Then when she said, oh, look atthat, I was like everybody out
of my way, I'm coming back tosee the snake and I probably
(11:43):
spent half an hour just, youknow, just looking at it,
observing it.
It never moved, never oncemoved, and it was just really
neat to observe it andphotograph it from a safe
distance.
But I couldn't believe that Ihad come that close to it and
had no idea.
Speaker 2 (11:58):
That's awesome and
that is such a typical encounter
.
People don't even realize,honestly, how often they walk by
snakes, because snakes are sogood at camouflaging and the
snake doesn't do anything.
Snakes, for one thing, neverattack humans.
Like no snake is going toattack you.
Snakes will become defensive ifthey feel frightened, like if
(12:20):
you start bothering them.
But keep in mind that snakesview human beings as a huge,
giant, terrifying monster.
They don't view us as food.
They're not evil creatures.
They don't have that at allgoing on.
They're just a wild animalwho's afraid of humans and they
think that if you're touchingthem or picking them up or
stepping on them, hurting them,they can feel pain and they can
(12:43):
feel fear and they can't talk.
A snake can't say excuse me,you're stepping on me, can you
please?
You know move.
And they can't say wow, I'mreally scared of you, could you
please not scare me and justcontinue on your way?
Snakes can't talk and snakesalso can't scratch.
They can't roar.
Some snakes do rattle, like therattlesnakes and copperheads
(13:03):
and rat snakes will actuallyshake their tails and if they're
in dry leaves they can soundlike a rattlesnake.
But snakes will bite in defenseand keep in mind they don't want
to bite you.
They don't want to be thatclose to you.
They only do that as a lastresort.
And just one more little noteabout venomous snakes they
didn't develop venom for defense, like.
(13:26):
The reason that rattlesnakeshave venom is not actually to
protect themselves.
So the last thing that theywant to do is use their venom on
you, because the reason theyhave venom is to obtain their
dinner.
Snakes don't have arms andhands.
They can't use forks and knivesand their food, like a rat or a
chipmunk, will fight back andbite and scratch and can well
(13:47):
severely injure them.
So venom helps the snakes toget their prey.
They can bite their prey,inject the poison, then they can
hide, their food goes off anddies and then they can eat it
safely.
So they want to save theirvenom for their own meal, for
their own protection.
They don't have venom to biteyou, but they will use it if
(14:10):
they're scared, and so the bestthing to do when you see a snake
just leave it alone.
Speaker 1 (14:16):
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(15:43):
What is the actual likelihoodof being bitten, because it
sounds like you would need tostep on the snake really for it
to bite you.
So how often does this happen?
How often do people step on asnake that they just didn't know
it was there?
Speaker 2 (15:56):
I don't know.
I don't know the answer to that, but I can tell you that, from
what I understand, the chancesof being bitten by a venomous
snake are so low here in NorthAmerica especially, but here in
Virginia particularly, a lot ofpeople who are bitten are bitten
when they were on purposebothering the snake.
They were either trying to hurtthe snake, which puts you too
(16:18):
close, or they were trying topick up the snake, or they were
either trying to hurt the snake,which puts you too close, or
they were trying to pick up thesnake, or they were.
You know, for whatever reasonthey were trying to bother it,
and that what we would call alegitimate bite, where somebody
was gardening and theyaccidentally put their hand on
it, or they were hiking and theyaccidentally stepped on it.
It does happen, but not veryoften.
I mean seriously.
(16:39):
When you're hiking, there are somany other things to be
thinking about that could bemore dangerous.
I mean falling and twistingyour ankle, being number one or
having your picnic next to ayellow jacket nest.
No, thank you.
You know I can think of someother things, but we won't go
there.
But all I can tell you is thatsnakes are really not something
(17:01):
that you need to be afraid of.
If you see a snake, just leaveit alone.
And what about dogs?
I'm afraid of dogs.
When we see them on the trail,yeah, I'm scared of them.
When I see a dog, I'm like, oh,I hope that dog is on a leash,
I hope it's not going to bite me, because way more people are
bitten and injured by dogs thansnakes.
I'm glad that you pointed thatout.
Speaker 1 (17:22):
As you can imagine,
that's not the direction I was
going, but I know there are dogowners who are also very
concerned that their dogs willget bitten by snakes, but it
sounds like what you're sayingis that it's usually the other
way around.
Speaker 2 (17:35):
Oh yeah, dogs
definitely hurt way more snakes.
Again, the chances are, whenyou find a snake or your dog
finds a snake, it's non-venomous.
And a non-venomous snake, like agarter snake.
It can't hurt you.
A garter snake, even if itbites you, it might scratch your
skin and that's it.
It's like scratching your skinon a thorn bush.
So a garter snake, a rat snake,a water snake, they can't hurt
(17:58):
you in any way, except for ascratch.
The venomous snakes that are souncommon, you know, yeah, that
could be a problem.
So if you're hiking with yourdog, I suggest keeping it on a
leash, both for people safetyand for your, for your doggy
safety.
And if you do see a snake, justyou know, keep the dog back.
And that would you know, thatcould be the same thing with,
(18:20):
like raccoons or foxes or otherwild creatures, and also dogs
running off leash through thewoods can disturb delicate
plants.
They could run through vernalpools and disturb amphibian eggs
.
So it's really a good idea tokeep your dogs controlled.
Some people I see have dogsthat are so well-trained, they
(18:45):
just walk and they followdirections, or keep them on a
leash for their safety and forthe habitat safety.
Speaker 1 (18:48):
All great points,
Caroline.
What might happen if we did nothave snakes?
Speaker 2 (18:51):
Our ecosystems are
adapted, evolved, with snakes in
them.
Snakes are a natural, normal,healthy part of our environment.
Snakes are food for animalslike eagles and hawks and
raccoons.
Snakes eat animals like insectsand rats and mice and other
rodents.
(19:11):
Snakes are an integral like.
They're right there in the foodchain, they're right there in
the food web, and so if we wereto remove snakes, that whole
balance would go out of whack.
You may end up with just largepopulations of rodents and
insects, animals like hawks andeagles.
They would be missing a foodsource.
So snakes, again, they are anintegral, healthy part of our
(19:36):
environment.
Speaker 1 (19:36):
I'm very excited to
dive into the listener questions
.
Are you ready to do this?
Speaker 2 (19:41):
Absolutely.
Speaker 1 (19:42):
Okay, so this
question comes from Kelsey and
she would like to know what isthe difference between venomous
and poisonous, and do we haveeither here in Virginia?
Speaker 2 (19:52):
Generally speaking,
venomous animals are animals
that inject poison.
So a wasp is venomous.
A jelly, a jellyfish isvenomous.
They actually have littlestingers that penetrate the skin
and inject poison.
Snakes are venomous when theyhave fangs that they bite and
then are like hypodermic needles.
They inject the poison.
(20:12):
Poisonous would be somethinglike a mushroom that can't sting
or bite you, but if you eat itit makes you sick.
So, generally speaking,something poisonous is something
that you ingest and it makesyou sick.
Something that's venomous issomething that injects and makes
you sick.
But if you use the wordpoisonous snake describing a
copperhead, you're right.
(20:33):
I mean it's a poisonous animal,but they are venomous in the
sense that they deliver theirpoison by injecting it.
Speaker 1 (20:40):
I got a lot of
questions about venomous snakes
and I'm not going to askeveryone because a lot of them
are similar, so I kind of lumpedsome of them together and
you've already sort of addressedsome of this.
Maura would like to know whatare the most venomous snakes in
Virginia and where do they live.
Speaker 2 (20:56):
So the cottonmouth
and the timber rattlesnake are
definitely more dangerouslyvenomous than the copperhead.
But let's also say thecopperhead venom is also really
no joke.
If you're bitten by acopperhead you should absolutely
seek medical attention, and ifyou're bitten by a timber
rattlesnake or a cottonmouth youabsolutely should seek medical
(21:17):
attention.
All three of those snakes havedangerous venom, but the timber
rattlesnake and thecottonmouth's venom is medically
more dangerous.
Speaker 1 (21:26):
Kelly actually had
quite a few questions, but she
was very enthusiastic about this.
In fact, she said oh my gosh, Ihave so many questions.
So she would like to know howdo you identify non-venomous
snakes?
Speaker 2 (21:40):
Are there any quick
and easy ways to identify snakes
?
No, there's really not.
You know, it's like identifyingbirds, it's like identifying
mushrooms, honestly, it's likeidentifying cars.
When I have to call a rideshare for a car, I cannot
identify cars.
I look at them and they justlook like cars to me, like I can
(22:00):
tell a van from a sedan, Ithink.
But cars I just can't do it.
But snakes I'm really good.
You know why?
Because I love them and I spenda lot of time.
I've spent my whole life,starting from when I was three
years old.
I would go to bed at nightreading snake field guides, just
staring at the pictures andreading the descriptions, not
(22:22):
even making that up.
Well, as soon as I could read,because obviously, maybe at
three, somebody was reading thefield guide to me.
But there are no quick and easyways.
Some people say look at thepupil in the snake's eye.
Well, you have to be reallyclose.
Number one Also in low lightingconditions, copperheads,
rattlesnakes and cottonmouthstheir eyes will open.
(22:42):
So it could be round Again,just not the greatest.
Some people say look at theshape of a snake's head.
You know, in general thecottonmouth, copperhead and
timber rattlesnakes do have aslightly more triangular head
set off from the neck.
However, every non-venomoussnake in Virginia, when it's
(23:04):
frightened, flattens its headinto a triangle.
So that characteristic alone isnot a way to identify if a
snake is venomous or not.
Some people say look for apattern.
That's not a great way at all,because all snakes have patterns
, even what we would call theblack rat snake.
The Eastern rat snake, is bornwith like diamonds on its back
(23:26):
that slowly fade to black anddon't always fade all the way.
There is not a quick and easyway to identify if a snake is
venomous or non-venomous.
I would suggest that you sitdown with a book and start
learning the venomous snakes inyour area.
First, remember in Virginia weonly have three and in most
(23:47):
parts of Virginia just one, thecopperhead and also keep in mind
there's individual variationwithin the species.
So copperheads sometimes havestripes on them instead of the
normal Hershey kiss pattern.
Timber rattlesnakes can be allblack, they can be tan, they can
have chevrons.
The cottonmouth water moccasincan have a pixelated pattern or
(24:09):
it can be almost completelyblack.
So you need to learn multiplecharacteristics shape of the
body, shape of the head, thescalation, whether it's keeled
or smooth.
You know, it's just a lot morethan can be learned listening to
a podcast.
Speaker 1 (24:25):
And Kelly also wanted
to know why does a hog nose
flatten itself?
Is that part of the triangularhead?
Speaker 2 (24:32):
Yeah, they flatten
themselves when they're scared.
Triangular head yeah, theyflatten themselves when they're
scared.
It's a fear response and theyspread themselves out,
especially behind their head, soit looks they have a hood
similar to a cobra and they dothis when they're frightened.
It makes them look bigger and,hopefully for them, scarier, so
that whatever it is that'sbothering them might be like.
(24:53):
Oh, oh no, I don't want tobother that snake.
It's too scary and run away,and then the hognose snake will
be safe.
Speaker 1 (24:59):
Hognose snake.
Can we just take a moment toadmire hognose snake?
Just love them.
Speaker 2 (25:04):
Just love them.
Could there be a better?
Speaker 1 (25:07):
snake, Exactly, and
I've only ever seen one.
But I told you it is myabsolute favorite and when I saw
it I was so happy.
It's such a beautiful,beautiful animal.
But what I think is sohilarious about it is that it
will hiss and hiss and hiss andmake itself sound like it's
super scary.
But if you try to touch it itdoesn't bite, it just rolls over
(25:28):
and plays dead.
And what is cuter than a snakethat is playing dead?
Speaker 2 (25:32):
Yeah, and when it
rolls over and plays dead, it
often goes to the bathroom allover itself, so it smells like
it's dead.
Yeah, and when it rolls overand plays dead, it often goes to
the bathroom all over itself.
So it smells like it's dead andit will open its mouth up and
hang its tongue out and then, ifyou try to roll it back onto
its belly, it'll flip right backon its back, because to the
hognose snake, a dead snakemeans it has to be on its back.
But for those of you out therewho are wanting to do this, if
(25:54):
you find a hognose snake, trynot to, because, remember, when
we're doing this to the hognosesnake, the poor little hognose
snake is terrified, it's afraidit's about to die and be eaten.
Speaker 1 (26:07):
Where does it get the
name hognose from?
Speaker 2 (26:10):
Because if you, look
at the head of the hognose snake
.
Speaker 1 (26:13):
You'll see that its
snout scale is upturned like a
pig, and that's the other thingthat makes it so incredibly cute
, but also pretty easy to ID ifyou can get a good look at its
face.
But the other thing that's soneat about it is it has and
you'll have to excuse me for notknowing the correct terminology
here but like a cobra, wherethe side of its head just sort
(26:34):
of flares out.
Yeah, a hood, a hood.
Okay, are there any othersnakes in Virginia that have
hoods besides the hognose?
Speaker 2 (26:41):
Hmm, no, but lots of
snakes will inflate themselves
with air and puff up like gartersnakes and they can even
flatten out so they look biggerand puffier.
Speaker 1 (26:57):
Okay, when I ran into
a hognose, that hood came out
and I had this amazing video ofit, and when I shared it, people
were like what kind of cobra isthat?
Speaker 2 (27:10):
In my old days, when
I used to do a different job,
part of my job was responding tosnake calls and I would get
calls about cobras in people'syards and it was hognose snakes.
And hognose snakes come in manydifferent colors and patterns.
Some hognose snakes can bebright orange, like the one that
you saw, with beautiful pattern, or some can be jet black, like
(27:31):
solid black, and of course,when you have a black, you know
looking snake with a big hoodand they hiss really loud people
are like oh, cobra cobra, butthere are in fact no cobras
outside of zoos in Virginia.
Speaker 1 (27:46):
Good to know.
The last question that I pickedfrom Kelly is what is most
misunderstood about snakes.
Join us next week when Carolinetackles more listener questions
such as will pants protectagainst snake bites?
How far north can python spread?
Should we carry antivenom whilehiking or backpacking, what to
(28:07):
do if you're bit in a remotearea?
And my favorite question isanything still alive when it
gets into that snake belly?
See you next week.
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(28:53):
Until next time.
Adventure on.