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May 5, 2025 14 mins
May 4-10, 2025 is Survive Stroke Week: An annual event to educate Americans about the symptoms of stroke and the lifesaving treatment options available. Stroke is the fifth most common cause of death in America and the leading cause of adult disability. In 2025, The focus is on the Hispanic Community in the U.S., where stroke ranks as the fourth leading cause of death for Hispanic men and the third for Hispanic women. Our guest is Dr. Adrienne Moraff, a board-certified neurosurgeon in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and is Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery at Dartmouth. For more, visit getaheadofstroke.org, founded the Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery (SNIS). 
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Episode Transcript

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Speaker 1 (00:01):
Welcome to Get Connected with Nina del Rio, a weekly
conversation about fitness, health and happenings in our community on
one oh six point seven Light FM.

Speaker 2 (00:12):
Welcome and thanks for listening to Get Connected. Today begins
Survive Stroke Week, an annual event to educate Americans about
the symptoms of stroke and the life saving treatment options available.
Our guest is doctor Adrien Moraf. She is a Board
certified neurosurgeon in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and is Assistant Professor
of Neurosurgery at Dartmouth. Doctor Adreen Moraf, thank you for

(00:33):
being on the show.

Speaker 3 (00:34):
It's my pleasure to be here.

Speaker 2 (00:35):
You can find out more about everything we discuss at
Get Ahead Offstroke dot org, founded by the Society of
neuro Interventional Surgery. Stroke is the fifth most common cause
of death in America and the leading cause of adult disability.
For this year's Survive Stroke Week, the focus is on
the Hispanic community in the US, where stroke ranks as
the fourth leading cause of death for men and the

(00:58):
third for Hispanic women. And another reason for this focused
doctor Morath, is that the rates of stroke incidents in
the Hispanic community have also been increasing. Any data as
to why.

Speaker 4 (01:11):
So, that's an interesting question. The short version is, we're
not entirely sure. We do think that a critical component
of this is making sure that people are aware of
the signs of stroke and that they know to get
help early, not to wait, and to make sure that
they get to a stroke Senator via EMS as early
as possible.

Speaker 2 (01:31):
That makes sense along with the other data. One of
the points of recent studies is that Hispanic adults were
less likely to identify the symptoms of a stroke than
other peer groups. We will get to that in a bit,
and the disparities are really incredible. So EMS usage was
lower by as much as forty percent in Hispanic patients.
Does that suggest they're less likely to call ems? What

(01:53):
do you attribute that to?

Speaker 4 (01:55):
Yeah, so, I think the data are clear they're not
calling ems, and I think it's important for us to
understand why. And part of that is going to be
the other statistic that you quoted, that fewer Hispanic adults
can identify the sign of a stroke, and so resources
like this where we can get the message out to
the community and make sure that everyone is as educated

(02:17):
as possible about what the signs of a stroke are,
so that both people in the Hispanic community, but also
people who are going to interact with them, are going
to see them in the grocery store at a soccer
game and say, hey, are you you know, are you okay?
I noticed that your face is a little, you know,
seems to be drooping. I think you might be having

(02:38):
a stroke. Can I call nine one one for you
and really just sort of map out for them, you know,
intervene and say, you know, can I help you in
this way? This is what I think is happening, and
I'd like to get you the help that I think
that you need.

Speaker 2 (02:52):
So let's go over the symptoms. There is an acronym
be fast to recognize stroke symptoms. For English speakers. The
Spanish version is that happy, though if you want to
do the Spanish version, I'll follow up with the English version.
Maybe we do it that way.

Speaker 4 (03:05):
Solmente so rapido is rostro kaedo so and and all
of these are sort of mad. They're in different order,
but all of the symptoms are the same. So rostro
kaido is part of your face is drooping, so a
facial droop. Alter equilibrio so loss of balance, difficulty walking.
All of a sudden, somebody who looks uncoordinated when they're

(03:28):
trying to do some task. Beersa in befast, it's arm.
If they all of a sudden have new weakness, that's
a stroke. In beento visue new problems with their vision,
they can't see a one eye or another, they have
blurry vision, that's a stroke. So difficulty speaking, whether it's

(03:50):
that they're slurring their words or they're saying words that
don't make any sense. Also included that is they all
of a sudden can't understand what's being said to them.
Thank God, I do that RAPI though, so get help
Fast and we have this amazing tool, both in English
and Spanish, so that we can make sure that we
capture as many people as possible.

Speaker 2 (04:10):
Yeah, the b fast version in English its balance, eyes, face, arms, speech,
and time. Time is a huge factor in this. I
want to talk about that in just one moment. Let
me remind everyone who we're speaking with. We're speaking with
doctor Adrian Marath. She's a board certified neurosurgeon in New
Hampshire and his assistant professor of neurosurgery at Dartmouth. We're

(04:31):
talking about stroke. Get Ahead of Stroke dot org is
the website where you can find out so much more.
Founded by the Society of neuro Interventional Surgery. We are
in Stroke week, this is the perfect time to take
a look at what's going on during this annual event.
You were listening to get connected on one six point
seven light FM. I'm Nina del Rio. The difference between

(04:53):
getting someone help immediately and waiting is a huge difference
in treatment and recovery.

Speaker 4 (04:59):
Absolutely, I'm so glad that you brought that up, because
for every minute that somebody doesn't get treatment, two million
brain cells are lost. They're gone, they're not coming back,
and so the faster that we can get to people,
the better their chance to get back to their normal lives.
And what we want people to know is that there's
good treatment available. Twenty years ago, we didn't quite frankly,

(05:23):
have a lot to offer people. But the field has
advanced light years in the last twenty years, and we
have blockbusting medications that can open up that blocked blood vessel,
and I and my colleagues can do a procedure to
take a blood clot out of that blood vessel to
be able to open that up so that the brain

(05:43):
can get blood flow again.

Speaker 3 (05:45):
And if we can do that.

Speaker 4 (05:46):
The faster we can do that, the more people we
can send home exactly the same as before they had
their stroke. This is by far one of the most
amazing things that I get to do as a physician.
I have seen patients that we have gotten to quickly.
We've done this procedure on open that blood vessel, and
before they get off of the procedure table, they are normal.

(06:10):
They go home and no one can tell that they've
had a stroke. But that can only happen if we
get people to the right medical care as quickly as possible.

Speaker 2 (06:19):
It was really interesting for me to look at the
information about this that a thrown back to me. The
procedure is about an hour, less than an hour correct.

Speaker 4 (06:28):
Well, my personal record is nine minutes.

Speaker 3 (06:30):
Wow, And so it can in some cases. You know,
everybody's different.

Speaker 4 (06:34):
Some are harder than others and take longer, but this
can be in the best of circumstances, it can be
really fast turnaround. And this is a great procedure. This
is twenty times more effective than getting a procedure for
a heart attack. Nobody would question going to the er
calling a mess if they thought that they were having
a heart attack, and so We want everybody to know

(06:57):
if you're having signs of a stroke, if you're having
that bee fast or do not be those symptoms. We
want you to call EMS immediately. And that's an important
point too, because what happens with some people is that
they'll say, well, it's just a little facial group. I'm
sure it'll go away. I'll wait a little while.

Speaker 3 (07:16):
And see what happens.

Speaker 4 (07:17):
Lise, please please do not do that for yourself or
for your loved ones. Please don't wait. And we also
want to make sure that people are calling EMS directly.
We don't want you to drive your loved one to
the hospital. Definitely don't drive yourself to the hospital. This
is something that can get worse rapidly. You don't want
to be driving when this happens to you.

Speaker 2 (07:38):
Well, as you know a lot of people, it's kind
of a terrible thing to say, but we all know
a lot of people don't want to call EMS because
of potential cost. It's a major financial obstacle, but calling
EMS sooner can actually make a huge difference in medical
costs later.

Speaker 3 (07:53):
One hundred percent.

Speaker 4 (07:54):
I'm so glad that you brought that up, and the
cost of the ambulance ride will be well worth it
if you don't have to pay for a nursing home
for the rest of your life, for your loved one,
or that icee you stay, or the additional surgeries. And
the other thing too is you can't put a price
on going home normal. There's no amount of money that

(08:17):
you could pay once you have had a stroke and
you've had that problem to get normal again.

Speaker 3 (08:22):
Any it's so so worth it.

Speaker 4 (08:25):
So yes, it can be expensive, and people are concerned
about those costs, but what you will get in return
is without a price.

Speaker 2 (08:35):
For every ten minutes saved in getting to a mechanical throngbectomy,
getting to the trauma center you need to get to,
patients experience an additional month of life free from disability.
It's kind of an eye opener there. Absolutely, if we
ams comes to our house, EMS is faster, always better
than taking a drive out there yourself, or trying to

(08:56):
get someone through traffic, all those things. Do we have
a choice of where what hospital we go to, because
not every hospital is equipped to attend stroke patients in
the same way. Can we ask where to be sent
and if so, what should we ask for?

Speaker 4 (09:08):
Yeah, so that's a great that's a great question. EMS
is an amazing resource for making that right decision for you,
because you're right, not every hospital is capable of doing
that stroke procedure that thrown back to me. EMS is
trained to recognize the signs of a stroke that needs
a thrown back to me. And so the thing that

(09:28):
you can do when EMS comes to your house is
be very specific and say, I think I or my
loved one am having a stroke and I'd like to
be transported to a stroke a thrown back to me
capable stroke ready center, and they will make sure that
they get you to the right place.

Speaker 2 (09:44):
Does the number or severity of your symptoms have anything
to do with how severe the stroke is?

Speaker 4 (09:50):
That's a very insightful question. The answer is often not always.
There are stroke scales that EMS uses in the field
and that we use to evaluate patients when they're in
the hospital, and those are used to score patients and
figure out who is most likely to need a thrown
back to me. Once you get to the stroke center,
we do advanced imaging to help to make sure that

(10:14):
we understand who needs one before before you get that,
but there are immediate scales and signs that can be
done in the field by trained EMS professionals to be
able to identify who's having a big stroke and who
needs a thrown back to me.

Speaker 2 (10:29):
And while we are waiting for EMS to arrive, if
we can help the patient, what do we do? And
if we are the patient, if we're alone, what do
we do?

Speaker 4 (10:37):
Yeah, so that's a great question. If you are alone,
you need to get help as soon as possible. So
if that mean typically means grabbing your cell phone, and
even if you just activate the SOS, somebody from the
nine to one one help line will figure out that
you need help. So even if you're having trouble speaking,

(10:58):
somebody on the other end of the line and can
help bring EMS to you so that they can get
you the help that you need.

Speaker 3 (11:05):
If you're able to.

Speaker 4 (11:06):
Say what's going on over the phone, tell them I
think I'm having a stroke. This is what's happening to me.
I'm weak on one side or having trouble seeing, and
I need somebody to come help me, and they will
make sure that the EMS team comes out and gets
you the help that you need. While you're waiting for
EMS to arrive, the most important thing that you can
do is just make sure that they have a clear

(11:29):
path to come in and that person and get them
out as quickly as possible.

Speaker 2 (11:33):
Regarding recovery and other statistic, Hispanic patients had the highest
rate of discharge to home without home health care services,
nearly fifty percent. What does that signify to you and
what should be happening?

Speaker 4 (11:47):
Yeah, so that's a great question. That just tells us
where people are going. It doesn't necessarily tell us what
their discharge condition is. So that could be for a
lot of different reasons. There may be some situation where
families don't have the resources to be able to send
their loved one to a rehab center. It may be

(12:08):
partially cultural. The Hispanic community feels very strongly about taking
care of their own and they don't oftentimes want their
loved ones to be in a facility, and that's an
important part of culturally competent care. We want to make
sure that people are still getting those resources in the
manner that is most meaningful and helpful to them based

(12:28):
on their background. So I think all of those things
contribute to that number, and that's something that we need
to be conscious of when we're taking care of these people.

Speaker 2 (12:36):
We have about a minute and a half left briefly
if you could. I know we haven't gotten to it,
but I think it's also important the difference between heart
attack and stroke symptoms. What is similar in there and
what is perhaps different the most important ones.

Speaker 4 (12:49):
Yeah, I think a great guide. So the symptoms of
a heart attack are typically, you know, chest pain or
a feeling of discomfort sort of around your stirnam. Women
are more likely to present with atypical symptoms like pain
in their arm instead of in their chest, and pain
is not usually.

Speaker 3 (13:08):
Associated specifically with stroke.

Speaker 4 (13:10):
We really want people to lean into that be fast
and rapido algorithm, and if any of those signs are
showing up, then it's most likely a stroke.

Speaker 2 (13:19):
I think that's one of the most important takeaways, is
any of those signs and pain is not normally associated
with it. It's something that's more related with your senses perhaps. Yeah.

Speaker 4 (13:30):
The one caveat is that there's a specific if you're
having a new severe headache, the worst headache that you
could possibly imagine that you've ever had, that is a
sort of like different kind of stroke for a different
education week and a different topic. If you're having the
worst headache of your life, you need to call nine
one one an ems that's not a heart attack, like

(13:51):
you need to get to a hospital immediately.

Speaker 3 (13:53):
And I would be happy to come back if.

Speaker 4 (13:55):
People are more interested about that and talk a little
bit more about that.

Speaker 2 (13:58):
I would love to talk about We've actually talked about
it once on the show. The thing they write on
this on the chart hwho Elworth had headache of life
for an aneurysm yep, yep. Our guest is doctor Adrian Moraf.
We are marking Survived Stroke Week and you can find
out more about everything we've discussed in both English and
Spanish at get Aheadfstroke dot org. Doctor Moraf, thank you
for being on the show.

Speaker 4 (14:18):
Thank you so much for having me.

Speaker 1 (14:21):
This has been get connected with Nina del Rio on
one oh six point seven light Fm. The views and
opinions of our guests do not necessarily reflect the views
of the station. If you missed any part of our
show or want to share it, visit our website for
downloads and podcasts at one O six to seven lightfm
dot com. Thanks for listening.
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