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November 26, 2020 35 mins
10/09/1998 — O Ibovespa despencou 15,83% em mais um pregão de pânico causado pela moratória da Rússia, que vivia uma grave crise com a forte desvalorização de sua moeda, o rublo. Só naquele pregão, a Bovespa, hoje B3, foi obrigada a acionar o circuit breaker por duas vezes. O mecanismo de paralisação automática dos negócios entrou em ação cinco vezes entre agosto e setembro daquele ano. A Rússia era governada por Boris Yeltsin e havia se tornado a maior tomadora do Fundo Monetário Internacional, o FMI. O país vivia em um emaranhado de dívidas, com desorganização econômica, sonegação fiscal e inadimplência interna generalizadas. Mais da metade da população não pagava impostos. Na primeira semana de agosto, o índice da bolsa de Moscou perdeu 24% de seu valor, e a agência de classificação de risco Moody’s rebaixou a nota das dívidas russas em moeda estrangeira. O presidente Yeltsin precisou interromper suas férias de verão para retornar a Moscou. Em 16 de agosto, o governo e o banco central russo sucumbiram às pressões sobre o rublo, e foi decretada moratória internacional de 90 dias. Houve desvalorização da moeda de 33% e foram suspensas as negociações com bônus internos de curto prazo. Era a senha para que o mercado internacional de crédito mergulhasse em novas e graves incertezas, com acelerada depreciação de todos os ativos financeiros ao redor do mundo.

Convidado:
Alexandre Schwartsman, colunista do InfoMoney e ex-diretor de assuntos internacionais do Banco Central (trabalhava no Credit Agricole na época).
Mark as Played

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