January 10, 2011 • 19 mins
Everyone wants to make the world a better place -- but do men and women go about it differently? In this episode, Molly and Cristen take a closer look at how gender may affect charitable donation.
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray.
It's ready. Are you welcome to stump Mom Never told you?
From House top works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to
the podcast. I'm Kristen and I'm Molly. Molly. I got
(00:21):
a question for you. Okay, if I were to give
you ten dollars, just a ten dollar bill, and I'd say, Molly,
I'm giving you this ten dollars and you know what,
you can do two things with this ten dollar bill.
You can keep all of it. Take yourself out for
(00:41):
a nice lunch, well not too nice, take yourself out
for a ten dollar lunch. Or I have this really
great charity. Uh, let's say I have this pet adoption charity.
I have orphaned pets. You can give me some of
that money that I can help out orphan pets, and
you can just keep the rest mm hmm. What would
you like to do with that ten dollars? Um? You know,
(01:04):
there are many issues that immediately come to my mind
that will that will play out in this podcast because
because we're talking about charitable giving today Christian and the
number one question you probably ask yourself was how hungry
am I? And which do I want a ten dollar lunch?
That's true, that's going to play into it. If I
was going to give to your charity, I'd want to
learn a lot more about what your charity did, how
(01:26):
you ran it, where these animals were coming from, and
where they were going, And you don't trust that I'm
just going to take your money and feed orphaned animals
that take care of Christen. As we're going to talk about,
women need to know a lot about a charity before
they're going to give to it. So you're gonna have
you ready for me to ask all a question. All right,
I might want to come by and see the animals. Hey,
we can do that. We can set up a play
(01:47):
date with my Workford animals. So that's definitely going to
be an issue. And also playing into this, as we're
going to see, is the fact that you, a fellow lady,
are standing there watching me decide what to do. And
you know, in our society and most societies, giving is
a very honorable thing to do. And I don't want
to be seen in bad light if you know you've
(02:09):
got this orphaned animal charity. So that's definitely going a
plan to my decision making. Also, and I am not
alone in this. We're going to talk about several studies
where uh, women have had to evaluate what they're going
to do with that ten dollars when there's another woman there,
when there's a man there, when there's no one there,
and uh, pretty interesting findings about how men and women
(02:31):
give to charity differently. Now, when it comes to whether
or not men and women give more money, who who's
the most charitable? Which is most charitable sex? The evidence
is pretty clear yes, in recent years has become women
by an astronomical amount. We win, we give a lot
(02:51):
more money to charity. That doesn't mean that we give
in the same way. Women are more likely to give
small donations to a bunch of charities, whereas men are
more likely to give one big lump sum to one charity.
And men might be more inclined to give one large
lump sum because research on charitable giving also finds that
men are more motivated to donate because of the influence
(03:16):
that they might get in return and also the recognition.
So clearly a gift of say one thousand dollars to
one charity might get them more recognition than donations of
hundred dollars to tend different charities, right, and women are
more likely to do a lot as I as I've
made reference when I was thinking about christ and charity,
(03:37):
they are more likely to do a lot of research
on the charities are gonna donate to. And whereas men,
you know, if they have identified a need, they're more
likely to throw the money at the charity and sort
of be done with it and not follow up with
where their money went or how that money has spent. So,
from a nonprofits perspective, women can be more difficult donors
(03:57):
to cultivate, but once they build that relationship and really
get the message and mission of their organization across to
a female donor, she tends to be far more likely
and will give in different ways. It's not just gonna
be monetary donations. She might donate her time, donate other
types of resources, get them in contact with other people.
(04:19):
And I thought it was interesting that, uh, when we
were reading information about kind of how to cultivate female
donors um from a nonprofits perspective, they highly encourage organizations
to use words and phrases that are supposed to resonate
with women, such as connect, collaborate, create, partner involved, and
(04:41):
you know. The reason all this research has been done
on the ways men and women give differently, um, how
they're likely to give, what words are going to appeal
to them is obviously, particularly in troubled economic times, charities
are even uh more at risk of going under, of
not being able to fulfill their mission. And so it's
interesting to see in a time like this if men
(05:02):
and women give differently. And they've done a lot of
studies where they'll look at ways men give versus ways
women given. One thing that they've noticed is that men
are more likely to give when there's like a tax
donation that could be associated with it, or when there's
going to be a matching donor who's going to make
their donation go a little bit farther, whereas women are
more likely to give even when giving is costly to
(05:24):
them in terms of not getting the text donation, not
getting the match donor. Uh They still feel that giving
is important even when it may not be in their
best economic interest to give. And we're not just talking
about wealthy people who are donating here. Women with annual
incomes of less than ten thousand dollars who might have
kids at home as well still give an average of
(05:45):
five point four percent of their adjusted gross income to charity.
So this is pretty pretty great news. I think it's
wonderful that there are so many people out there who
want to give and help others. But you know, we're
not just trying to throw out all these statistics to
be like a man. Women are so awesome, man, Men
are so crazy. Um, what's actually interesting what we're gonna
(06:07):
get into now is how women and men influence each other.
Influence each other when they need to decide how much
money to give to a charity. And this, to me
is where some of the most interesting research has been
done around this issue of charitable giving. So let's say
you're married and it comes the time of the year
when you maybe towards the end of the year, when
(06:27):
you want to donate some money to some charities. What
do married couples do in terms of deciding on a
charity how much you're going to donate, Because they might
come at it from different angles. A guy might want
to say donate to the Red Cross, where a woman
might want to donate to say care Right. What happens?
(06:48):
Well for the answer to that, we're going to turn
to James Andreoni Eleanor Brown and Isaac Rischell who did
a study called charitable giving by married couples? Who decides
and why does it matter? And they did these survey
and they said, in your household, who makes the decision
about where to give? Husband? Wife? Or do you do
it together? And according to the survey, fifty of married
(07:10):
couples decide about charitable giving together say that the husband
alone decides, and twenty percent say that the wife decides.
And this is usually linked with um how much income
each person is bringing into the household. If the male
is the sole uh economic provider for the family, he
has greater decision making powers. If the wife spring more
(07:31):
money and she tends to make the decision. But what
they wanted to look at is if these couples were
working together to decide. If they you're thinking, hey, we've got,
you know, two thousand dollars to give to charity. We
like these board charities, how do they make that decision
of how to divvy up the money. And what's kind
of surprising is that if you're making the decision together,
(07:53):
the men tend to influence the women more than the
women influence the men, which is kind of surprising because women,
like we've said, tend to be more altruistic, and yet
the husband's decisions will typically win out. But if there's
some kind of conflict, if they really have to hash
out this donation issue, how how much they're going to
(08:13):
give to where that hurts the amount of giving that
they do in the end typically by about six percent.
So this is something that charities are trying to keep
in mind when they're trying to appeal to you. If
you're married, they know that they've got to really you know,
not to sound predatory about it, but they know they've
really got to get the hooks and the wife if
(08:34):
she's going to have that soul making decision power, whereas
if the woman is married, it's gonna be a little
bit harder for her to allocate funds to the charity.
But this research was contradicted by some other research we
found that I think is really interesting too. So let's
talk about that study and how it kind of is
just going to confuse what a charity should do at all.
(08:56):
And this study comes from the Journal of Feminist Economics.
It's called Altruism and Individual and joint giving decisions. What's
gender got to do? With it. Now, this is unmarried
couples in some uh and they may not even be
in a romantic relationship. These may just be a random stranger.
So what they do is, um they basically do what
(09:17):
Kristen did at the beginning of the episode. They give
a group of participants ten dollars and say, you can
go out to lunch or buy yourself book or whatever,
or you can give this ten dollars to the Red Cross.
And what they do is all the participants were supposed
to go off in a little corner where no one
could see them, and they could write on an envelope,
I'm giving, you know, five dollars to the Red Cross,
(09:38):
and I'm keeping five dollars, or I'm giving all of
the ten dollars to the Red Cross. Room keeping all
the ten dollars. And they collected all the envelopes and
they found But as you might expect, the women were
more likely to give more to the Red Cross and
to give all of their money to the Red Cross. Right.
There was a forty four percent gender difference, which is
pretty pretty huge in terms of how much the individual
(09:59):
men and women gave. On average, men would give four
dollars and ninety one cents of that ten dollars to
the Red Cross, whereas the women tended to give seven
dollars and seven cents pretty generous. But so then they
were like surprised, there's another round to this, and they
put them into pairs. Some pairs were male female, some
(10:22):
were male male, and some are female female, and they said,
here's another ten dollars for each of you. Now this,
now a couple has twenty dollars. Are you gonna keep it?
Are you going to give it to the Red Cross?
And together they would go off and decide what they
would do with their twenty dollars. So as the men
and women are hashing this out, keep in mind that
(10:42):
men tend to be more selfish and want to keep
more of the money, whereas women tend to want to
give the money away. So where do those two affects
me in the middle. Well, women's altruism seems to have
a greater effect on the men than the men's sting
genus might have on the giving women. And what I
(11:03):
mean by that is that men would tend to donate
more money than they normally would once they are collaborating
with the women. Now, when women are having to collaborate
with the men, they do become slightly less altruistic. They
don't give quite as much money, but it's not as
much of a drop right, and female female matchups they
(11:23):
pretty much gave around the same amount they gave the
first round. Male male matchups they didn't tend to give
that much more than they give them the first round.
They stayed pretty low on the donation side, but the
gender mixed pairs ended up being the most generous of
all of the matchups, followed then by the female females. Now,
when two guys got together, hey, I mean it's like
two Scrooge McDuck's hanging out. I mean they're not I
(11:46):
mean self ei throughout the word selfish, Christen, and I
don't want to rub anyone the wrong way. That's the
term that the researchers are using to denote someone who
is least likely to give the funds. But they say,
you know this is interesting. Women can really influence. It's
those men in the male female partnerships to give more,
even though their own giving maybe dropping. So I feel
(12:07):
like if you um, and again, it's it's not an
apples to apples comparison with the other study we just
talked about. Because these aren't romantic relationships deciding to make
this decision together, and it's possible that the men wanted
to impress the women. Well, yes, that might be attributed
to something the researchers call the social information effect. It's basically,
(12:27):
once you know that you're being judged in your decision
and you have the input from someone else about what
you should or shouldn't do, that tends to sway your
final decision. Whereas once you get married and you're in
that other study, the first study about the husband's having
greater sway, then you may have more similar ideas about
charitable giving and it may not be um so crazy
(12:49):
that the husband's desires went out over a female's desires.
But again, if if the feminist economics stay is holding out,
maybe these men in married relationships are giving more than
they would have if they were single. So, now that
we understand this interesting interplay between giving and gender and
how we are perceived because of based on how much
(13:12):
we're donating to charities, what's the real world application of
all of these dictator game scenarios that these economists have
played out in the classroom. Well, you know, Like I said,
it's tough times. Everyone wants to make sure that their
own charity gets funds, and so this is definitely going
to influence the way that charities market themselves to you.
(13:34):
But I think it's also um important to think about
your own giving and how you can influence those around you.
Another thing that women are really known for is giving
in groups. Um. They'll get together and pool money and
think that, what you know, with this larger collection of money,
we can make more of a difference. Um, And just
having that conversation we you know, we've talked before on
the podcast question that Hundon really likes to discuss money
(13:56):
with romantic partner. But sitting down having that discussion of
you know, how much money do we have to give?
Where do we want to give it? Can we compromise
on how we're going to give it? And I think
one of the coolest things I read while we were
researching this podcast about charitable giving us how you can
influence your own children to give more, And it was
there's one really cool idea where you just give a
(14:17):
kid fifty dollars for the year and say, you know,
split it up how you'd like. Among among charities, to
interest you. And I think back to what you asked
me about your orphaned animal charity, my Crippled Critters. Now
you didn't tell me that name that's going to influence
my decision Congress Crippled Critters. I mean, are you really
going to deny? I do love alliteration. Yeah, Um, so
(14:42):
you would have to know a little bit about how
much I'd want to know about the business. And and
I think that knowing that you might judge me, and
knowing that you've got these poor critters that I'm concerned about,
I think that maybe uh, I could do some good
by getting the word out and by giving you my
ten dollars. Do you want to feed yourself or maybe
a dog three legs? Molly, you make that decision. I won't.
I won't judge you. Fun. In fact, women do you
(15:05):
give to animal related charities far more than men do? Yeah,
we do love giving to animals. So uh. We have
talked before on the podcast about the organization Care and
we've also talked about the organization co ED, which are
Friends over Stuff. You should know they went to Guatemala
and worked with co ED raising literacy awareness in Guatemala.
Those are two causes that both Chris and I really like,
(15:27):
And we'd love to hear from you guys about where
your charitable dollars go, causes you feel passionately about, and
so how do you guys make that decision what to give,
where to give? Uh? Do you have any influence over
your partner? Do you have any influence over your friends?
What should charities know about you? Yeah? And also decisions
not to give because there have been certain organizations that
(15:50):
you might not want to donate your money too. So
I do have some qualms about the Congress cripple cridits.
I'm not gonna lie. Hey now, Molly, why am I
just now hearing about it? Chris? Just you know I've
been I've been filing for my UH FIVEAH one C
three nonprofit status, So it's just taking a little while
to get through all the red tape. Anyway, send us
(16:10):
an email. Mom Stuff at how stuff works dot com
and wants to read a couple of those listener emails.
This is from Heather. It's about our tm J podcasts,
and she writes, I'm a physical therapist. While most people
think of physical therapy as a treatment only for injured athletes,
people with knee, shoulder, neck or back problems, and patients
(16:31):
who are in the hospital who have surgery. Most physical
therapists have had education and training related to disorders and
treatments of the temporal mandibular joint. In fact, many dentists,
who are usually the first healthcare professionals to hear about
our diagnosed tm J disorders for further patients to physical
therapists before resorting to more drastic measures such as surgery.
There are many things that PT can do to address
(16:52):
t m J problems, including some of those mentioned in
your podcast. However, we also incorporate specific exercises, hands on
treatment techniques such as joint mobilization, and modalities such as
ultrasound or I into feresis, which is a method of
delivering anti inflammatory or other medications to the painful area.
Of course, every individual case is different, so the therapist
(17:12):
will perform a thorough examination and evaluation of each patient
to determine the exact nature of the problem and then
designed a treatment plan based on their findings. Sometimes the
issue may not actually be caused by the t MJ itself,
but rather the next should or even poor posture. Conversely,
headaches or neck pain maybe the result of problems of
the tempero mandibular joint. So for everyone out there with TMJ,
(17:33):
Heather offers a really great alternative, see a physical therapist.
All right, I've got another t m J. Let her
here from Meta and Meta has dealt with team JA
disorder since she was a teenager and has been researching
potential therapies with much frustration. She says, there are many
(17:54):
therapies and supposed cures out there that are completely unfielded
in science. There's even one clinic nearby that promises to
cure tm J disorder by running an electric current for
the jaw. There's also no fund almost no funding available
for genuinely researching this fairly common problem. Is it because
it straddles the line between regular medicine and dentistry? Is
(18:14):
it because t m J disorder is a problem that
primarily affects women. Is it because there's so many different
factors that contribute to it. Who knows? It's irritating at
any rate. One thing that's worked for me is trying
to practice good posture. I tend to slouch and I've
noticed that this aggravates my jaw. Now, whenever my jaws up,
I examine my posture wants things have progressed with a
(18:35):
certain point. Anti inflammatories like eybeproven also helped greatly, not
only with pain relief, for their ability to take down
inflammation around the joint. Generally a few eydyprofen will help
me if my jaw has gotten to a bad state.
So thank you for the tips meta, and of course
if you have any emails, send them to mom Stuff
at how stuff works dot com. You can also send
(18:56):
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(19:17):
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you
Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray.
It's ready. Are you welcome to stump Mom Never told you?
From House top works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to
the podcast. I'm Kristen and I'm Molly. Molly. I got
(00:21):
a question for you. Okay, if I were to give
you ten dollars, just a ten dollar bill, and I'd say, Molly,
I'm giving you this ten dollars and you know what,
you can do two things with this ten dollar bill.
You can keep all of it. Take yourself out for
(00:41):
a nice lunch, well not too nice, take yourself out
for a ten dollar lunch. Or I have this really
great charity. Uh, let's say I have this pet adoption charity.
I have orphaned pets. You can give me some of
that money that I can help out orphan pets, and
you can just keep the rest mm hmm. What would
you like to do with that ten dollars? Um? You know,
(01:04):
there are many issues that immediately come to my mind
that will that will play out in this podcast because
because we're talking about charitable giving today Christian and the
number one question you probably ask yourself was how hungry
am I? And which do I want a ten dollar lunch?
That's true, that's going to play into it. If I
was going to give to your charity, I'd want to
learn a lot more about what your charity did, how
(01:26):
you ran it, where these animals were coming from, and
where they were going, And you don't trust that I'm
just going to take your money and feed orphaned animals
that take care of Christen. As we're going to talk about,
women need to know a lot about a charity before
they're going to give to it. So you're gonna have
you ready for me to ask all a question. All right,
I might want to come by and see the animals. Hey,
we can do that. We can set up a play
(01:47):
date with my Workford animals. So that's definitely going to
be an issue. And also playing into this, as we're
going to see, is the fact that you, a fellow lady,
are standing there watching me decide what to do. And
you know, in our society and most societies, giving is
a very honorable thing to do. And I don't want
to be seen in bad light if you know you've
(02:09):
got this orphaned animal charity. So that's definitely going a
plan to my decision making. Also, and I am not
alone in this. We're going to talk about several studies
where uh, women have had to evaluate what they're going
to do with that ten dollars when there's another woman there,
when there's a man there, when there's no one there,
and uh, pretty interesting findings about how men and women
(02:31):
give to charity differently. Now, when it comes to whether
or not men and women give more money, who who's
the most charitable? Which is most charitable sex? The evidence
is pretty clear yes, in recent years has become women
by an astronomical amount. We win, we give a lot
(02:51):
more money to charity. That doesn't mean that we give
in the same way. Women are more likely to give
small donations to a bunch of charities, whereas men are
more likely to give one big lump sum to one charity.
And men might be more inclined to give one large
lump sum because research on charitable giving also finds that
men are more motivated to donate because of the influence
(03:16):
that they might get in return and also the recognition.
So clearly a gift of say one thousand dollars to
one charity might get them more recognition than donations of
hundred dollars to tend different charities, right, and women are
more likely to do a lot as I as I've
made reference when I was thinking about christ and charity,
(03:37):
they are more likely to do a lot of research
on the charities are gonna donate to. And whereas men,
you know, if they have identified a need, they're more
likely to throw the money at the charity and sort
of be done with it and not follow up with
where their money went or how that money has spent. So,
from a nonprofits perspective, women can be more difficult donors
(03:57):
to cultivate, but once they build that relationship and really
get the message and mission of their organization across to
a female donor, she tends to be far more likely
and will give in different ways. It's not just gonna
be monetary donations. She might donate her time, donate other
types of resources, get them in contact with other people.
(04:19):
And I thought it was interesting that, uh, when we
were reading information about kind of how to cultivate female
donors um from a nonprofits perspective, they highly encourage organizations
to use words and phrases that are supposed to resonate
with women, such as connect, collaborate, create, partner involved, and
(04:41):
you know. The reason all this research has been done
on the ways men and women give differently, um, how
they're likely to give, what words are going to appeal
to them is obviously, particularly in troubled economic times, charities
are even uh more at risk of going under, of
not being able to fulfill their mission. And so it's
interesting to see in a time like this if men
(05:02):
and women give differently. And they've done a lot of
studies where they'll look at ways men give versus ways
women given. One thing that they've noticed is that men
are more likely to give when there's like a tax
donation that could be associated with it, or when there's
going to be a matching donor who's going to make
their donation go a little bit farther, whereas women are
more likely to give even when giving is costly to
(05:24):
them in terms of not getting the text donation, not
getting the match donor. Uh They still feel that giving
is important even when it may not be in their
best economic interest to give. And we're not just talking
about wealthy people who are donating here. Women with annual
incomes of less than ten thousand dollars who might have
kids at home as well still give an average of
(05:45):
five point four percent of their adjusted gross income to charity.
So this is pretty pretty great news. I think it's
wonderful that there are so many people out there who
want to give and help others. But you know, we're
not just trying to throw out all these statistics to
be like a man. Women are so awesome, man, Men
are so crazy. Um, what's actually interesting what we're gonna
(06:07):
get into now is how women and men influence each other.
Influence each other when they need to decide how much
money to give to a charity. And this, to me
is where some of the most interesting research has been
done around this issue of charitable giving. So let's say
you're married and it comes the time of the year
when you maybe towards the end of the year, when
(06:27):
you want to donate some money to some charities. What
do married couples do in terms of deciding on a
charity how much you're going to donate, Because they might
come at it from different angles. A guy might want
to say donate to the Red Cross, where a woman
might want to donate to say care Right. What happens?
(06:48):
Well for the answer to that, we're going to turn
to James Andreoni Eleanor Brown and Isaac Rischell who did
a study called charitable giving by married couples? Who decides
and why does it matter? And they did these survey
and they said, in your household, who makes the decision
about where to give? Husband? Wife? Or do you do
it together? And according to the survey, fifty of married
(07:10):
couples decide about charitable giving together say that the husband
alone decides, and twenty percent say that the wife decides.
And this is usually linked with um how much income
each person is bringing into the household. If the male
is the sole uh economic provider for the family, he
has greater decision making powers. If the wife spring more
(07:31):
money and she tends to make the decision. But what
they wanted to look at is if these couples were
working together to decide. If they you're thinking, hey, we've got,
you know, two thousand dollars to give to charity. We
like these board charities, how do they make that decision
of how to divvy up the money. And what's kind
of surprising is that if you're making the decision together,
(07:53):
the men tend to influence the women more than the
women influence the men, which is kind of surprising because women,
like we've said, tend to be more altruistic, and yet
the husband's decisions will typically win out. But if there's
some kind of conflict, if they really have to hash
out this donation issue, how how much they're going to
(08:13):
give to where that hurts the amount of giving that
they do in the end typically by about six percent.
So this is something that charities are trying to keep
in mind when they're trying to appeal to you. If
you're married, they know that they've got to really you know,
not to sound predatory about it, but they know they've
really got to get the hooks and the wife if
(08:34):
she's going to have that soul making decision power, whereas
if the woman is married, it's gonna be a little
bit harder for her to allocate funds to the charity.
But this research was contradicted by some other research we
found that I think is really interesting too. So let's
talk about that study and how it kind of is
just going to confuse what a charity should do at all.
(08:56):
And this study comes from the Journal of Feminist Economics.
It's called Altruism and Individual and joint giving decisions. What's
gender got to do? With it. Now, this is unmarried
couples in some uh and they may not even be
in a romantic relationship. These may just be a random stranger.
So what they do is, um they basically do what
(09:17):
Kristen did at the beginning of the episode. They give
a group of participants ten dollars and say, you can
go out to lunch or buy yourself book or whatever,
or you can give this ten dollars to the Red Cross.
And what they do is all the participants were supposed
to go off in a little corner where no one
could see them, and they could write on an envelope,
I'm giving, you know, five dollars to the Red Cross,
(09:38):
and I'm keeping five dollars, or I'm giving all of
the ten dollars to the Red Cross. Room keeping all
the ten dollars. And they collected all the envelopes and
they found But as you might expect, the women were
more likely to give more to the Red Cross and
to give all of their money to the Red Cross. Right.
There was a forty four percent gender difference, which is
pretty pretty huge in terms of how much the individual
(09:59):
men and women gave. On average, men would give four
dollars and ninety one cents of that ten dollars to
the Red Cross, whereas the women tended to give seven
dollars and seven cents pretty generous. But so then they
were like surprised, there's another round to this, and they
put them into pairs. Some pairs were male female, some
(10:22):
were male male, and some are female female, and they said,
here's another ten dollars for each of you. Now this,
now a couple has twenty dollars. Are you gonna keep it?
Are you going to give it to the Red Cross?
And together they would go off and decide what they
would do with their twenty dollars. So as the men
and women are hashing this out, keep in mind that
(10:42):
men tend to be more selfish and want to keep
more of the money, whereas women tend to want to
give the money away. So where do those two affects
me in the middle. Well, women's altruism seems to have
a greater effect on the men than the men's sting
genus might have on the giving women. And what I
(11:03):
mean by that is that men would tend to donate
more money than they normally would once they are collaborating
with the women. Now, when women are having to collaborate
with the men, they do become slightly less altruistic. They
don't give quite as much money, but it's not as
much of a drop right, and female female matchups they
(11:23):
pretty much gave around the same amount they gave the
first round. Male male matchups they didn't tend to give
that much more than they give them the first round.
They stayed pretty low on the donation side, but the
gender mixed pairs ended up being the most generous of
all of the matchups, followed then by the female females. Now,
when two guys got together, hey, I mean it's like
two Scrooge McDuck's hanging out. I mean they're not I
(11:46):
mean self ei throughout the word selfish, Christen, and I
don't want to rub anyone the wrong way. That's the
term that the researchers are using to denote someone who
is least likely to give the funds. But they say,
you know this is interesting. Women can really influence. It's
those men in the male female partnerships to give more,
even though their own giving maybe dropping. So I feel
(12:07):
like if you um, and again, it's it's not an
apples to apples comparison with the other study we just
talked about. Because these aren't romantic relationships deciding to make
this decision together, and it's possible that the men wanted
to impress the women. Well, yes, that might be attributed
to something the researchers call the social information effect. It's basically,
(12:27):
once you know that you're being judged in your decision
and you have the input from someone else about what
you should or shouldn't do, that tends to sway your
final decision. Whereas once you get married and you're in
that other study, the first study about the husband's having
greater sway, then you may have more similar ideas about
charitable giving and it may not be um so crazy
(12:49):
that the husband's desires went out over a female's desires.
But again, if if the feminist economics stay is holding out,
maybe these men in married relationships are giving more than
they would have if they were single. So, now that
we understand this interesting interplay between giving and gender and
how we are perceived because of based on how much
(13:12):
we're donating to charities, what's the real world application of
all of these dictator game scenarios that these economists have
played out in the classroom. Well, you know, Like I said,
it's tough times. Everyone wants to make sure that their
own charity gets funds, and so this is definitely going
to influence the way that charities market themselves to you.
(13:34):
But I think it's also um important to think about
your own giving and how you can influence those around you.
Another thing that women are really known for is giving
in groups. Um. They'll get together and pool money and
think that, what you know, with this larger collection of money,
we can make more of a difference. Um, And just
having that conversation we you know, we've talked before on
the podcast question that Hundon really likes to discuss money
(13:56):
with romantic partner. But sitting down having that discussion of
you know, how much money do we have to give?
Where do we want to give it? Can we compromise
on how we're going to give it? And I think
one of the coolest things I read while we were
researching this podcast about charitable giving us how you can
influence your own children to give more, And it was
there's one really cool idea where you just give a
(14:17):
kid fifty dollars for the year and say, you know,
split it up how you'd like. Among among charities, to
interest you. And I think back to what you asked
me about your orphaned animal charity, my Crippled Critters. Now
you didn't tell me that name that's going to influence
my decision Congress Crippled Critters. I mean, are you really
going to deny? I do love alliteration. Yeah, Um, so
(14:42):
you would have to know a little bit about how
much I'd want to know about the business. And and
I think that knowing that you might judge me, and
knowing that you've got these poor critters that I'm concerned about,
I think that maybe uh, I could do some good
by getting the word out and by giving you my
ten dollars. Do you want to feed yourself or maybe
a dog three legs? Molly, you make that decision. I won't.
I won't judge you. Fun. In fact, women do you
(15:05):
give to animal related charities far more than men do? Yeah,
we do love giving to animals. So uh. We have
talked before on the podcast about the organization Care and
we've also talked about the organization co ED, which are
Friends over Stuff. You should know they went to Guatemala
and worked with co ED raising literacy awareness in Guatemala.
Those are two causes that both Chris and I really like,
(15:27):
And we'd love to hear from you guys about where
your charitable dollars go, causes you feel passionately about, and
so how do you guys make that decision what to give,
where to give? Uh? Do you have any influence over
your partner? Do you have any influence over your friends?
What should charities know about you? Yeah? And also decisions
not to give because there have been certain organizations that
(15:50):
you might not want to donate your money too. So
I do have some qualms about the Congress cripple cridits.
I'm not gonna lie. Hey now, Molly, why am I
just now hearing about it? Chris? Just you know I've
been I've been filing for my UH FIVEAH one C
three nonprofit status, So it's just taking a little while
to get through all the red tape. Anyway, send us
(16:10):
an email. Mom Stuff at how stuff works dot com
and wants to read a couple of those listener emails.
This is from Heather. It's about our tm J podcasts,
and she writes, I'm a physical therapist. While most people
think of physical therapy as a treatment only for injured athletes,
people with knee, shoulder, neck or back problems, and patients
(16:31):
who are in the hospital who have surgery. Most physical
therapists have had education and training related to disorders and
treatments of the temporal mandibular joint. In fact, many dentists,
who are usually the first healthcare professionals to hear about
our diagnosed tm J disorders for further patients to physical
therapists before resorting to more drastic measures such as surgery.
There are many things that PT can do to address
(16:52):
t m J problems, including some of those mentioned in
your podcast. However, we also incorporate specific exercises, hands on
treatment techniques such as joint mobilization, and modalities such as
ultrasound or I into feresis, which is a method of
delivering anti inflammatory or other medications to the painful area.
Of course, every individual case is different, so the therapist
(17:12):
will perform a thorough examination and evaluation of each patient
to determine the exact nature of the problem and then
designed a treatment plan based on their findings. Sometimes the
issue may not actually be caused by the t MJ itself,
but rather the next should or even poor posture. Conversely,
headaches or neck pain maybe the result of problems of
the tempero mandibular joint. So for everyone out there with TMJ,
(17:33):
Heather offers a really great alternative, see a physical therapist.
All right, I've got another t m J. Let her
here from Meta and Meta has dealt with team JA
disorder since she was a teenager and has been researching
potential therapies with much frustration. She says, there are many
(17:54):
therapies and supposed cures out there that are completely unfielded
in science. There's even one clinic nearby that promises to
cure tm J disorder by running an electric current for
the jaw. There's also no fund almost no funding available
for genuinely researching this fairly common problem. Is it because
it straddles the line between regular medicine and dentistry? Is
(18:14):
it because t m J disorder is a problem that
primarily affects women. Is it because there's so many different
factors that contribute to it. Who knows? It's irritating at
any rate. One thing that's worked for me is trying
to practice good posture. I tend to slouch and I've
noticed that this aggravates my jaw. Now, whenever my jaws up,
I examine my posture wants things have progressed with a
(18:35):
certain point. Anti inflammatories like eybeproven also helped greatly, not
only with pain relief, for their ability to take down
inflammation around the joint. Generally a few eydyprofen will help
me if my jaw has gotten to a bad state.
So thank you for the tips meta, and of course
if you have any emails, send them to mom Stuff
at how stuff works dot com. You can also send
(18:56):
us a shout out up to our Facebook page or
follow us on Twitter at moms Stuff podcast, and you
can read our blog during the week. It is stuff
Mom Never told You at how stuff works dot com.
For more onness and thousands of other topics. Is it
how stuff works dot com. To learn more about the podcast,
(19:17):
clog on the podcast icon in the upper right corner
of our homepage. The how Stuff Works iPhone app has
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