June 7, 2021 • 10 mins
On this day, Paul Blobel -- leader of the Aktion 1005 operation to get rid of evidence of Nazi mass murders -- was executed. / On this day in 1917, poet Gwendolyn Brooks was born. Brooks was the first Black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize.
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Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Hey everyone. Technically you're getting two days in history today
because we're running two episodes from the History Vault. I
hope you enjoy. Greetings everyone, welcome to this Day in
History class, where we bring you a new tidbit from
history every day. The day was June seventh. Ninette Paul
(00:27):
blow Bill, a German s S commander and war criminal
in charge of Zonder Acton one thousand five, was hanged
at Landsburg Prison just after midnight. The exact number of
people killed under Nazi policies is unknown, but there is
no doubt that the death toll is in the millions.
Despite the lack of an official number and the destruction
(00:49):
of Nazi documents, the devastation and atrocity of Nazi actions
is well documented still. Once Western countries began receiving reports
of the atrocities the Nazis perpetrated in Europe, the Nazis
began devising ways to conceal and destroy evidence of so
called Jewish extermination. Actillon one thousand five or zonder Acteon
(01:12):
one thousand five was Nazi Germany's campaign to destroy all
evidence of the mass murder it had committed during World
War Two. Action means action Actillon one thousand five was
overseen by Zonder Commando one thousand five, the security Service
and the police force of Nazi Germany. Zonder Commando euphemistically
(01:35):
meant special unit. In March of nineteen forty two, German
s S official Reynard Hydra put SS Stan dartin fire
Paul Blowbell at the head of the operation, but the
operation was delayed after Hydrick was killed in early June.
Later that month, head of the Gestapo, Hirach Mueller, gave
(01:58):
Blowbell the go ahead it The point of the operation
was to get rid of all evidence of Jewish genocide,
but evidence was also destroyed of non Jewish murders. Part
of the Nazi plan to get rid of the evidence
was to burn corpses. The first corpses were burned at Kelmno,
(02:19):
an extermination camp in Poland. At first, Blobel attempted to
use incendiary bombs to destroy bodies dug up from mass graves,
but that set nearby forests on fire, so instead Blowbell
decided to build pires of bodies on iron grills. He
layered corpses between firewood, soaks the pire and fuel and
(02:43):
burned everything. Bones were crushed and reburied. The land was
then flattened, plowed, and replanted. Acting on one thousand five
officially begin at Sobibor, an extermination camp in Poland, prisoner
known as Liking Commando or Corps units were forced to
(03:03):
dig up bodies for mass graves and burn them. Since
the operation was a secret, the prisoners who were forced
to take part in the cover ups were killed. German
staff who have been sworn to secrecy were not sent
back to their units in nineteen forty two. In nineteen
forty three, corpses were also burnt in Treblinka, Belzec and Auschwitz.
(03:27):
By mid nineteen forty three, corpses were being systematically destroyed
and occupied Soviet Union, Poland and Yugoslavia. Extermination camps that
had crematoria, like Auschwitz and Belson did not need acting
on one thousand five commands, and the operation went to
the scenes of earlier mass killings at Bobby Yard, Ponary,
(03:49):
the ninth Fort and Rona Gora. As Soviet armies advanced,
in nineteen forty four, s S official Wilhelm Coppa ordered
that each of the guinner all government five districts set
up as own units to get rid of evidence of
the mass murders quickly. The Ginnerall Government was an administrative
(04:10):
unit that the Germans established made up of the parts
of Poland that were not incorporated into the Third Reich,
but Soviet troops reached some of those sites before all
the corpses could be destroyed. The operation continued until late
nineteen forty four. The Nuremberg Trials, conducted between nineteen forty
five and nineteen forty nine prosecuted Nazis for war crimes
(04:32):
and their participation in the Holocaust. The irons At scrup
In trial took place from September nineteen forty seven to
April nineteen forty eight. Ms At Scrubbing were units of
the s S Security Police and Order Police that carried
out mass killings during the German invasions of Poland and
the Soviet Union. In this trial, a U S military
(04:55):
tribunal tried and convicted Paul Blowbell for crimes against humanity,
war crimes, and membership and criminal organizations. On June seven, ninette,
Paul Blowbill was executed along with other Nazi criminals. The
destruction of the remains of victims of Nazi killings through
acting on one thousand five contributed to Holocaust denial. I'm
(05:19):
Eve Jeff Coote and hopefully you know a little more
about history today than you did yesterday. If you feel
like correcting my pronunciation or my accent on anything that
I've said in the show, feel free to leave a
very kind comment on Twitter, Instagram or Facebook at T
d i h C podcast. If you want to learn
(05:42):
even more about history, you can listen to a podcast
I host called Unpopular. Unpopular is a podcast about people
in history who challenged the status quo. They rebelled, and
they resisted the conventions of the day, and sometimes they
were persecuted for it. Thanks again for listening, and we'll
see you tomorrow. Hey, y'all on Eve's and welcome to
(06:18):
this sand History Class, a podcast where history waits for
no one. The day was June seven, nineteen seventeen. Poet
Gwendolyn Brooks was born in Topeka, Kansas. Brooks was the
first black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize. Brooks
(06:41):
was raised in Chicago, where she grew up reading poets
like Paul Lawrence Dunbar and writing her own work. She
was introverted, but her parents supported her love for reading
and writing. She published her first poem Even Tied when
she was a teenager, and by age seventeen, she was
publishing poems frequently in the newspaper The chic Ago Defender.
(07:01):
After graduating from junior college, Brooks began working as a
publicity director of the youth organization of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored People for in Double a CP.
She also continued developing her craft by going to poetry workshops,
and she pursued a career in writing. All the while,
Brooks was paying attention to the racial dynamics in the
(07:22):
city of Chicago. She once said, quote, I wrote about
what I saw and heard on the street. Brooks published
her first poetry collection, A Street in Bronzeville. In In it,
she chronicled the everyday life of black people in her neighborhood.
The book garnered her critical acclaim and people welcomed her
as a new voice in contemporary poetry. Four years later,
(07:45):
Brooks published Any Allen, a book of poetry that tells
the story of a black woman's growth from childhood to
adulthood in Bronzeville. Brooks won the poet Surprise for this
book in nineteen fifty. Her earlier work was characterized by
social realism, technical expertise, and a different perspective on black life.
She published her first and only novel, Maud Martha, in
(08:08):
nineteen fifty three. The book told the story of Mad
Martha's life in short vignettes. After Books attended the Second
Black Writer's Conference at Fisk University in nineteen sixty seven,
her writing style changed and her work took a more
political stance. In The Mecca, published in nineteen sixty eight,
included a long narrative poem about a mother searching for
(08:29):
her lost child in a Chicago housing project. Author and
activist Tony K. Vambara wrote in The New York Times
Book Review that Brooks had quote a new movement and energy, intensity, richness,
power of statement, and a new stripped, lean, compressed style,
a change of style prompted by a change of mind.
(08:50):
In the nineteen seventies, Brooks left the publishing house Harper
and Row and turned to new black publishing companies. She
also published her first a biography, Report from Part One,
in nineteen two. While some critics said that it didn't
give them the insight that they hoped for, others praise
its acknowledgment of her role as a poet. Brooks was
(09:12):
the first black woman to become the poetry Consultant to
the Library of Congress. Through this work, Brooks visited local schools.
She was also a Poet Laureate of the State of Illinois,
and in this role she visited colleges, prisons, hospitals, and
other community institutions. Altogether, Brooks wrote more than twenty books
of poetry. She also taught at universities around the United States.
(09:36):
Brooks died in two thousand. I'm Eve Chef Cote and
hopefully you know a little more about history today than
you did yesterday. And if you have any kind words
you want to send us, you can hit us up
on social media where at t d i h C
Podcast on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. You can also send
your notes to us via email at this day at
(09:56):
I heeart media dot com. Thanks so much for listening
to the oh and we'll see you tomorrow MM. For
more podcasts from My Heart Radio, visit the I Heart
Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your
favorite shows.
Hey everyone. Technically you're getting two days in history today
because we're running two episodes from the History Vault. I
hope you enjoy. Greetings everyone, welcome to this Day in
History class, where we bring you a new tidbit from
history every day. The day was June seventh. Ninette Paul
(00:27):
blow Bill, a German s S commander and war criminal
in charge of Zonder Acton one thousand five, was hanged
at Landsburg Prison just after midnight. The exact number of
people killed under Nazi policies is unknown, but there is
no doubt that the death toll is in the millions.
Despite the lack of an official number and the destruction
(00:49):
of Nazi documents, the devastation and atrocity of Nazi actions
is well documented still. Once Western countries began receiving reports
of the atrocities the Nazis perpetrated in Europe, the Nazis
began devising ways to conceal and destroy evidence of so
called Jewish extermination. Actillon one thousand five or zonder Acteon
(01:12):
one thousand five was Nazi Germany's campaign to destroy all
evidence of the mass murder it had committed during World
War Two. Action means action Actillon one thousand five was
overseen by Zonder Commando one thousand five, the security Service
and the police force of Nazi Germany. Zonder Commando euphemistically
(01:35):
meant special unit. In March of nineteen forty two, German
s S official Reynard Hydra put SS Stan dartin fire
Paul Blowbell at the head of the operation, but the
operation was delayed after Hydrick was killed in early June.
Later that month, head of the Gestapo, Hirach Mueller, gave
(01:58):
Blowbell the go ahead it The point of the operation
was to get rid of all evidence of Jewish genocide,
but evidence was also destroyed of non Jewish murders. Part
of the Nazi plan to get rid of the evidence
was to burn corpses. The first corpses were burned at Kelmno,
(02:19):
an extermination camp in Poland. At first, Blobel attempted to
use incendiary bombs to destroy bodies dug up from mass graves,
but that set nearby forests on fire, so instead Blowbell
decided to build pires of bodies on iron grills. He
layered corpses between firewood, soaks the pire and fuel and
(02:43):
burned everything. Bones were crushed and reburied. The land was
then flattened, plowed, and replanted. Acting on one thousand five
officially begin at Sobibor, an extermination camp in Poland, prisoner
known as Liking Commando or Corps units were forced to
(03:03):
dig up bodies for mass graves and burn them. Since
the operation was a secret, the prisoners who were forced
to take part in the cover ups were killed. German
staff who have been sworn to secrecy were not sent
back to their units in nineteen forty two. In nineteen
forty three, corpses were also burnt in Treblinka, Belzec and Auschwitz.
(03:27):
By mid nineteen forty three, corpses were being systematically destroyed
and occupied Soviet Union, Poland and Yugoslavia. Extermination camps that
had crematoria, like Auschwitz and Belson did not need acting
on one thousand five commands, and the operation went to
the scenes of earlier mass killings at Bobby Yard, Ponary,
(03:49):
the ninth Fort and Rona Gora. As Soviet armies advanced,
in nineteen forty four, s S official Wilhelm Coppa ordered
that each of the guinner all government five districts set
up as own units to get rid of evidence of
the mass murders quickly. The Ginnerall Government was an administrative
(04:10):
unit that the Germans established made up of the parts
of Poland that were not incorporated into the Third Reich,
but Soviet troops reached some of those sites before all
the corpses could be destroyed. The operation continued until late
nineteen forty four. The Nuremberg Trials, conducted between nineteen forty
five and nineteen forty nine prosecuted Nazis for war crimes
(04:32):
and their participation in the Holocaust. The irons At scrup
In trial took place from September nineteen forty seven to
April nineteen forty eight. Ms At Scrubbing were units of
the s S Security Police and Order Police that carried
out mass killings during the German invasions of Poland and
the Soviet Union. In this trial, a U S military
(04:55):
tribunal tried and convicted Paul Blowbell for crimes against humanity,
war crimes, and membership and criminal organizations. On June seven, ninette,
Paul Blowbill was executed along with other Nazi criminals. The
destruction of the remains of victims of Nazi killings through
acting on one thousand five contributed to Holocaust denial. I'm
(05:19):
Eve Jeff Coote and hopefully you know a little more
about history today than you did yesterday. If you feel
like correcting my pronunciation or my accent on anything that
I've said in the show, feel free to leave a
very kind comment on Twitter, Instagram or Facebook at T
d i h C podcast. If you want to learn
(05:42):
even more about history, you can listen to a podcast
I host called Unpopular. Unpopular is a podcast about people
in history who challenged the status quo. They rebelled, and
they resisted the conventions of the day, and sometimes they
were persecuted for it. Thanks again for listening, and we'll
see you tomorrow. Hey, y'all on Eve's and welcome to
(06:18):
this sand History Class, a podcast where history waits for
no one. The day was June seven, nineteen seventeen. Poet
Gwendolyn Brooks was born in Topeka, Kansas. Brooks was the
first black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize. Brooks
(06:41):
was raised in Chicago, where she grew up reading poets
like Paul Lawrence Dunbar and writing her own work. She
was introverted, but her parents supported her love for reading
and writing. She published her first poem Even Tied when
she was a teenager, and by age seventeen, she was
publishing poems frequently in the newspaper The chic Ago Defender.
(07:01):
After graduating from junior college, Brooks began working as a
publicity director of the youth organization of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored People for in Double a CP.
She also continued developing her craft by going to poetry workshops,
and she pursued a career in writing. All the while,
Brooks was paying attention to the racial dynamics in the
(07:22):
city of Chicago. She once said, quote, I wrote about
what I saw and heard on the street. Brooks published
her first poetry collection, A Street in Bronzeville. In In it,
she chronicled the everyday life of black people in her neighborhood.
The book garnered her critical acclaim and people welcomed her
as a new voice in contemporary poetry. Four years later,
(07:45):
Brooks published Any Allen, a book of poetry that tells
the story of a black woman's growth from childhood to
adulthood in Bronzeville. Brooks won the poet Surprise for this
book in nineteen fifty. Her earlier work was characterized by
social realism, technical expertise, and a different perspective on black life.
She published her first and only novel, Maud Martha, in
(08:08):
nineteen fifty three. The book told the story of Mad
Martha's life in short vignettes. After Books attended the Second
Black Writer's Conference at Fisk University in nineteen sixty seven,
her writing style changed and her work took a more
political stance. In The Mecca, published in nineteen sixty eight,
included a long narrative poem about a mother searching for
(08:29):
her lost child in a Chicago housing project. Author and
activist Tony K. Vambara wrote in The New York Times
Book Review that Brooks had quote a new movement and energy, intensity, richness,
power of statement, and a new stripped, lean, compressed style,
a change of style prompted by a change of mind.
(08:50):
In the nineteen seventies, Brooks left the publishing house Harper
and Row and turned to new black publishing companies. She
also published her first a biography, Report from Part One,
in nineteen two. While some critics said that it didn't
give them the insight that they hoped for, others praise
its acknowledgment of her role as a poet. Brooks was
(09:12):
the first black woman to become the poetry Consultant to
the Library of Congress. Through this work, Brooks visited local schools.
She was also a Poet Laureate of the State of Illinois,
and in this role she visited colleges, prisons, hospitals, and
other community institutions. Altogether, Brooks wrote more than twenty books
of poetry. She also taught at universities around the United States.
(09:36):
Brooks died in two thousand. I'm Eve Chef Cote and
hopefully you know a little more about history today than
you did yesterday. And if you have any kind words
you want to send us, you can hit us up
on social media where at t d i h C
Podcast on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. You can also send
your notes to us via email at this day at
(09:56):
I heeart media dot com. Thanks so much for listening
to the oh and we'll see you tomorrow MM. For
more podcasts from My Heart Radio, visit the I Heart
Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your
favorite shows.
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