Leviticus 02 Bible Study - The Grain Offering

In this Bible Study, we go verse by verse through Leviticus chapter 2.  We unpack the multiple types of prepared Grain offerings instructed by God for the Israelites to make.  We also take a deep look at Leaven / Yeast in the Bible as well as why salt was always to be included in the grain offering.  Finally, as always, we conclude with an application of this text for our lives today.  Join us as we dig deep into scripture!

Outline: 

03:28 - Background explanation

05:25 - “Grain Offering” - Hebrew word study - Minḥâ מִנְחָה (gift), (offering) - it is a gift to the Lord.

Gen 32-33 - we see Jacob reunited with his brother Esau 

Gen 43.11 - gifts for Joseph in Egypt.  Same word.  

07:03 - A portion was burned on the altar - the rest went to the priest for their food. 

1 Cor 9.13-14, Deut 25.4

10:14 - support the work of Iron Sheep Ministries - 

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11:38 - Grain Offerings were often offered with other sacrifices Lev 9.4

“grain offering” occurs 93x in NIV - 29x Lev, 44x Num.  (21x Num 28-29).  Those two chapters summarize offerings to be made daily, weekly, monthly, and at annual festivals (Passover, Day of Atonement, Festival of Weeks, etc).  

13:08 - 5 different types of grain offerings in Lev 2

Lev 2.1-3 - 1 - uncooked - includes incense (niv) - KJV, AMP, CSB, ESV - “Frankincense”

13:57 - What is Frankincense?  It is a dried resin from the Boswellia tree (native to the Sinai peninsula).  It is a key ingredient in incense.  Used throughout the ancient Near East as part of burnt sacrifices.  Mat 2.11 it was a gift brought from the Magi, which symbolized Jesus’ future sacrifice he would become on the altar for our atonement of sin.

15:47 - Lev 2.4 - 2 baked in an oven - thin or thick loaves 

Lev 2.5-6 - 3 cooked on a griddle

Lev 2.7 - 4 cooked in a pan

16:14 - Lev 2.11-12- no yeast (leaven) or honey? 

16:46 - Topical look at Yeast (leaven) in the Bible.  “Yeast” occurs 57 times in the NIV; 10 in the New Testament and 47 in the Old Testament.  In OT yeast is always literal and related to cooking in bread.

Gen 19.3 - Lot makes bread without yeast

Exo 12-13 - God’s instructions on the Passover meal.  They had no time to let the yeast rise.  

Deu 16:3.

Lev 7.13 & Lev 23.17 - both are instances of bread made with yeast.

In the New Testament, yeast is always figurative, sometimes good and sometimes bad.

Matt 13.33, & Luke 13.20-21, yeast represents the Kingdom of Heaven

Matt 16.5-12; (Mrk 8.14-21) yeast represents sin, specifically hypocrisy (Luke 12.1)

Gal 5.9 - yeast is false teaching 

1 Cor 5.6-7 - yeast is sin, malice & wickedness

28:02 - Lev 2.13 - what is the “salt of the covenant of your God”  Salt is a preservative and a flavor enhancer.  Salt was added to all the offerings as a reminder that the offerings were a preservative of the covenant.  Salt is also a picture of how we are to be as Christians.  Read Matthew 5.13, where Jesus calls us to be the Salt of the Earth.

31:15 - Lev 2.14-16 - Firstfruits - What are first fruits?  1 Cor 15.19-21

34:17 - Conclusion and Application. 1 Thes 5.16-18; John 6.29-35.  

Reference: 

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References:

Dave reads from an NIV (New International Version) of the Bible.

Barker, L. Kenneth.  The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, Abridged Edition, Old Testament.  Grand Rapids, MI:

Gane, Roy. The NIV Application Commentary, Leviticus, Numbers. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2004.

Tenney, Merrill.  New International Bible Dictionary.  Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1987.

Wiersbe, Warren W.. The Bible Exposition Commentary, Old Testament, The Pentateuch. Colorado Springs, CO: David C. Cook, 2001.